On the 17th of July 2023, the European Court of Human Rights published its communicated case no. 44205/21. The case concerns five Afghan asylum applicants who were allegedly summarily returned by Lithuanian border guards to Belarus on six occasions without giving them an opportunity to submit their applications. The ECtHR questions whether Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights was violated as the Lithuanian border guards did not provide humanitarian assistance;  whether the applicants were subjected to summary returns and collective expulsion to Belarus and whether they had access to effective remedies.